Abstract Background Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a dynamic equilibrium of bone remodeling. involving the osteogenesis of new bone and the osteoclastogenesis of old bone. which is mediated by mechanical force. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLCSs) in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space can transmit mechanical signals and regulate osteoclastogenesis during OTM. https://homehardware4ues.shop/product-category/polyurethane/